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SUSAN JOHNSTON OWEN-JAZZ / SITE OWNER/MUSICIAN, WRITER,ARTIST, ELEMENTARY AND SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHER (RETIRED)
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The Prado Museum is renowned as being the largest art gallery in
the world. It also exhibits sculptures, drawings, coins and other works
of arts, but it is undoubtedly its large collection of paintings which
has given it fame worldwide. It houses more than 8,600 paintings, of
which they exhibit less than 2,000 because of lack of space available.
Many museums throughout the world have less artistic
riches in their halls than the Prado Museum has in storage.
The present day art gallery comes from the royal collections of the old Trinidad Museum, as well as
acquisitions, donations and bequests.
Its history began during the reign of Charles III, when he tried to
create a single art collection under one roof. But it was not until the
reign of Fernando VII when the Royal Museum of Painting and Sculpture
was created, on 19th November 1819. The kings death caused inheritance
problems and endangered the unity
of the collection, but with the disappearance of the monarchy in Spain
the museum became national
property and became known as the Prado National Museum.
From then to this date, the works of art have survived several
challenges and were transferred several times during the Spanish Civil
War, ending up in the Swiss city of Geneva and being returned to Madrid
during the Second World War.
Nowadays, its treasures are exhibited in two adjacent buildings : the Villanueva Building where the
majority of the works are housed, and the Cason del Buen Retiro.
Erwin Olaf Tribute to Spanish Art Mujeres en la ventana
Erwin Olaf Tribute to Spanish Art Juan
Erwin Olaf Tribute to Spanish Art Dona Mariana de Austria
Erwin Olaf Tribute to Spanish Art Dama del Armino
Erwin Olaf Tribute to Spanish Art Cena in Emmaus
Erwin Olaf Tribute to Spanish Art Carlos
Erwin Olaf Tribute to Spanish Art Arif
Erwin Olaf Tribute to Spanish Art Apolonia
A number of great artists have lived and worked in Spain. Among the most
famous are El Greco, Diego Velázquez, Francisco Goya, Salvador Dalí,
and Pablo Picasso, one of the most prolific artists in history and a major figure in 20th-century art.
EL GRECO
El Greco moved to Spain in 1577. His first Spanish commission was for
the church of Santo Domingo el Antiguo. The Assumption of the Virgin is
now on display at the Art Institute
of Chicago. El Greco had based this on his old master, Titian’s,
Assumption but now showed that he was developing his own style. He used
unusual colours, groupings and proportions for the figures. Throughout
the rest of El Greco’s career these differences would become more
pronounced.
What El Greco really wanted was to secure the commission to fresco
the walls of the newly built royal monastery-palace of El Escorial near
Madrid which had been completed
in 1582. In an attempt to do this he submitted several paintings to
Philip II for approval but was denied the commission. The Triumph of the
Holy League was one of these, and there are versions on display in El
Escorial today as well as in the National Gallery, London. Around this
time El Greco also worked in Toledo Cathedral in the town where he was
living. One of these, The Disrobing of Christ, was actually the cause of
the first of several lawsuits brought by the artist against his
patrons. They felt he was charging too much for the work and were
refusing to pay.
One of El Greco’s great masterpieces, The Burial of Count Orgaz, is still on display in the Church of Santo Tomé in Toledo.
He painted this in 1586 and it shows two of El Greco’s trademark
features; the elongation of his figures and also his ‘horror vacui’.
Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (Spanish pronunciation: [?dje?o ro?ðri?eθ ðe ?silβa i be?laθkeθ]; June 6, 1599 – August 6, 1660) was a Spanish painter who was the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV. He was an individualistic artist of the contemporary Baroque period, important as a portrait artist.
In addition to numerous renditions of scenes of historical and cultural
significance, he painted scores of portraits of the Spanish royal
family, other notable European figures, and commoners, culminating in
the production of his masterpiece Las Meninas (1656).
From the first quarter of the nineteenth century, Velázquez's artwork was a model for the realist and impressionist painters, in particular Édouard Manet. Since that time, more modern artists, including Spain's Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dalí, as well as the Anglo-Irish painter Francis Bacon, have paid tribute to Velázquez by recreating several of his most famous works.
Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes (Spanish pronunciation: [f?an?θisko xo?se ðe ??o?a i lu?θjentes]; 30 March 1746–16 April 1828) was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker regarded both as the last of the Old Masters and the first of the moderns. Goya was a court painter to the Spanish Crown,
and through his works was both a commentator on and chronicler of his
era. The subversive and imaginative element in his art, as well as his
bold handling of paint, provided a model for the work of later
generations of artists, notably Manet, Picasso and Francis Bacon. In his honour, Spain's main national film awards are called the Goya Awards.
I SAW THIS IN SPAIN, ONE VERSION IS CLOTHED DUE TO CONTROVERSY
La maja desnuda (known in English as The Naked Maja or The Nude Maja) is an oil on canvas painting by the Spanish painter Francisco Goya
(1746–1828), portraying a nude woman reclining on a bed of pillows. It
was executed some time between 1797 and 1800, and is sometimes said to
be the first clear depiction of female pubic hair in a large Western paintingThe painting has been in the Museo del Prado in Madrid since 1910.
Salvador Dali was born May 11, 1904 in Figueres, Spain. From an early
age Dali was encouraged to practice his art and would eventually go on
to study at an academy in Madrid. In the 1920's Dali went to Paris and
began interacting with Picasso, Magritte, and Miro leading to his first
Surrealist phase. The rise of the fascist leader Franco in Spain led to
Dali's expulsion from the Surrealist movement, but that did not prevent
him from painting.
Born October 25, 1881, Malaga, Spain, Pablo Picasso, became
one of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century and
the creator (with Georges Braque) of Cubism. A Spanish expatriate
painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage designer, Picasso
was considered radical in his work. After a long prolific career, he
died April 8, 1973 in Mougins, France.
"If only we could pull out our brain and use only our eyes."
– Pablo Picasso And the legend lives on—a tribute to the
vitality of the “disquieting” Spaniard with the “sombrepiercing” eyes
who superstitiously believed that work would keep him alive. For nearly
80 of his 91 years Picasso devoted himself to an artistic production
that contributed significantly to and paralleled the whole development
of modern art in the 20th century.
Joan Miró i Ferrà (April 20,1893 – December
25,1983) was a world renowned Spanish Catalan painter, sculptor, and
ceramist who was born in the sea port city of Barcelona.
Mirowas
the son of a watchmaking father and a goldsmith mother, he was exposed
to the arts from a very young age. There have been some drwaings
recovered by Miro dating to 1901, when he was only 8 years old. Miro
enrolled at the School of Industrial and Fine Arts in Barcelona until
1910; during his attendance he was taught by Modest Urgell and Josep
Pascó.
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